Legal Constraints And Its Effect On The War On Terror

The war on terror, following the events of 9/11, made people acknowledge a new form of enemy. Terrorisms became the central focus of nations and various actions were taken to ensure that such a horrendous act never transpires again. However, the problems associated with these legal constraints has led to many international law violations. This paper will seek to discuss these legal constraints and its effect on the war on terror. In order to demonstrate this, the principles of distinction, proportionality and military necessity will be examined to understand whether the legal actions of the United States were appropriate and legal. The principles of distinction, proportionality and military necessity are central to jus in bello (also known as â€Å"the laws of war†). These three principles are closely interconnected with one another and are necessary to determine whether a war can be perceived as being legitimate. In this paper, the principles of distinction, proportionality and military necessity will be defined and discussed in relation to the event of 9/11. As well as, the legal constraints that are associated with the conduct of hostilities under the new conditions imposed. The term â€Å"terrorism† and â€Å"terrorist† were included following the events of 9/11, identifying a new type of enemy. Narratives of who the enemy was changed towards individuals who were or seemed like a Muslim. Muslims were perceived as the new enemy. This subsequently led to major legal constraints such asShow MoreRelatedRelevance Of Sovereignty And The Threat Of Terrorism Essay1482 Words   |  6 PagesRelevance of Sovereignty Sovereignty, in its’ most traditional Westphalian view, is defined by scholars as the principal and expectation that states have legal and political supremacy –or ultimate authority–within their territorial boundaries (F.L.S. 47), but as the world continues to grow and complex, the relevance of Westphalian sovereignty is repeatedly questioned. Many factors now play into the role of sovereignty, complicating the once simplistic view. These factors include the expanding necessityRead MoreThe Writ of Habeas Corpus and War on Terror in the United States2183 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿Habeas Corpus Context War Terror 1. The general meaning of the right of habeas corpus in the U.S. Constitution and its relationship to the protection of other civil liberties. 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This essay argues that pragmatism, the legalRead MoreWomen s Rights : Women And Public Policy2739 Words   |  11 Pagesbetween men and women.(Tickner, 2008:263-268) Traditionally, the academic discipline of IR was ruled by men and gender was ignored by dominant men. There was no room for women since IR was described by masculine words such as power, security, military, war and conflict. Therefore, the assertion that ‘IR has been profoundly gendered’ is convincing in the contemporary world politics. How to exercise state power are the women come from? Politics of peace and community members can live happily in abundance

War Is Military Force Ever Justified. War Has Become

War: Is Military Force Ever Justified? War has become a very sensitive, polarizing subject in the past few decades. Either it’s good or bad, right or wrong, black or white. Many people do not find any justification, even though no decision is more thought out than a country’s decision to use military force. for anything war-related because of the negative reality that it is war: violent, nasty, unyielding. All they see is an unprejudiced killing parade that rips lives apart. But what many people fail to realize that there is some gray areas surrounding military force.There is not a definite yes or no when it comes to war, and not all wars are choices. When it comes to national security and keeping America safe, war is undeniably†¦show more content†¦The press does everything it can to show pro-war propaganda, in way which shows the urgency of issues and justifying the use of force by our brave military. The press normalizes war as a patriotic event, and almost seems to ostracize those who do not back it, labeling them as unpatriotic. The news outlets exaggerate issues and show war as the last and only option. So, when is war okay? For one, when a country’s borders are threatened. If a country is being invaded, there is a reason to use military force. When a country’s citizens are in danger, the country should be able to use military force. There is an obligation for the military to protect American citizens, and that sometimes entails using force. Fighting for our freedom, safety, and happiness is a reason to use military force. Examples of such would include when we entered WWII after the attack on Pearl Harbor, or when we went to war in the Middle East after 9/11 as a way to prevent further attacks on US soil. Another reason would be if a larger, more powerful country attacks one of our allies, or even a smaller, defenseless country. Morally, America should step in and do the right thing and help these other countries keep their people safe. Cases like this are harder to justify, as they are not totally necessary; however, they are are smart. Building allies and keeping relationships strong means more protection when it comesShow MoreRelatedThe World During The Cold War Essay1379 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Cold War and the present in terms of security challenges and issues faced by states when investigating the fine details of documents and actions but when retrospective on overall effect and our current global situation there are significant similarities can be found. The security and protection of the state has fundamental always been a priority of importance for any government or organisation since the unforeseen end to the Cold War between Soviet Russia and the United States. There has been astonishingRead MoreThe War Theory Of War1469 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is War? The term war can be defined as a clash that arises between different groups, states or nations. Different ethnic backgrounds, religious beliefs, and scarce resources are just a few of many reasons why such an act of violence may be practiced throughout the world. However, could a war ever be completely just? And if so, who would be responsible for deeming what would and would not be considered as being morally and theologically justified? This will be discussed in further detail laterRead MoreA Brief Note On The Act Of Terrorism1688 Words   |  7 Pagesneither moral, nor immoral - no act in itself ever is. Morality of an act is determined by the intentions of its perpetrators and by the circumstances under which it takes place. Killing is a morally neutral act, it is the intention of the killer and the circumstances under which the act takes place, that make it a crime of murder subject to a heavy punishment, an unfortunate accident , or an act of valour rewarded by a medal. 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I Have a Dream Speech free essay sample

Kings speech not only changed history for the black community, but it also gave hope to blacks throughout the world. His speech was so successful because he was able to arouse his audience to their feet and get them to take action in society. The reason for the great impact of the speech, â€Å"I Have a Dream,† is due to the tense social mood of the time and that it reflects the conditions of the time, giving black activists a vision for the future. It struck directly into the hearts of blacks across America, and made whites ashamed of their actions and be willing to have a new start. In just 17 minutes, King influenced and informed the people about racial equality and fairness. Later, near the end of his speech, King continues to â€Å"preach† this point. For example, he stated, â€Å"†¦little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. We will write a custom essay sample on I Have a Dream Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page King talks about the future and how one day, freedom will â€Å"ring† from all across the United States and how people of all races will be able to â€Å"join hands† and be â€Å"brothers and sisters. † He strongly desires a united world where racism will not exist. He says, â€Å"With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. † Overall, King intelligently used a well-planned structure to manipulate his audience into agreeing with him.

Nostalgia for the black magic Review Essay Example

Nostalgia for the black magic Review Paper Essay on Nostalgia for the black magic I do not like the theme of the Apocalypse. In life and so many problems that even on this occasion a lot of thinking. Im not inclined to be subjected to mass psychosis about it and very skeptical of many movies, books, predictions on this subject. What can be Therefore, even myself I can not answer the question that I was interested in this book. When I received it (to order it through the Internet), then again after reading the summary, even he felt sad: this book I hardly read, its not mine. But when I started to read I can not say that I felt delight or horror of reading. Even difficult to formulate the range of feelings that I experienced while reading. First of all, I will say that the book is clever, it is written, of course, very interesting, educated writer. It a huge reservoir of metaphors, allusions, refers us to the culture of our civilization: the myths, the Bible, to contemporary literature. Therefore, the reader is better read, the more interesting will be the book fo r him. In addition, it is written is not boring, boring language, easy to read (especially the first book), if the word easy in general can be applied to the book, which tells about the destruction of the world. So, to represent the end of light on Revaleku , you need to forget what we have shown in the acclaimed film recently about the end of the world. In his version, none of this would be: the world does not break down in a few hours, like a cardboard box (the physical world is much stronger than tipped), and Noahs Ark will be saved is not the best part of it. And his version of me closer. It would be too easy if everything happened as in the film. In Nostalgia for the Black Magic is different. Nothing strikes our fancy. Nothing is at odds with our sophisticated brain that if someone secretly preparing for this event. First, terrible heat. Then go heavy rains. Are you surprised? And I was not surprised. This is talking all the media. I have the first two books have the impression that I watched the news this week. Flooding, fires, riots, sudden cooling, again pogroms. Hysteria sectarians ready for the idea to tear apart the baby. Experiments military against the civilian population, muta nts (or is it a monster, or is it biblical characters we still do not surprise them: why not settle Leviathan under the Eiffel Tower?). Enormous genetic catalogs, which included almost all of inhabiting the planet. Nothing happens beyond that, what we are internally ready. Only the dead are sometimes here and there are seen in the streets torn city. But worse are just living that turn into monsters more terrifying Leviathan. They do not just rob and kill, they refined rape old women, women and children defecating on their fragile body in convulsions. Natural disaster manifests in people basest feelings. It breaks into pieces all the usual ideas about the world, not only blurs the scope of causal, but the space-time relationship. Sami outlines the I becomes blurred, and the hero is constantly talking about the blurring and is not certain of his I, of expanding its own identity. And inadvertently pose the question: what do we die from natural and civilization disasters, or from thems elves, from that abomination that lurks within us (sometimes unconsciously)? Or we have no choice, and mankind is really cornered? We will write a custom essay sample on Nostalgia for the black magic Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nostalgia for the black magic Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nostalgia for the black magic Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In the novel, the enemy is always present in various guises (since the elixir of Satan Hoffmann I had not read anything like it!). And through all of the story is the idea that death comes from the depths of the I , the enemy is not on the outside, but inside, in a secret I am. The third book I am personally and leads to this, alas, joyless conclusion. The world is not sunk into oblivion, something that was left of him. For example, in the castle of Chambord created the New Kingdom, which is headed by the king Obsul addict holding a terrified everyone. That, and his court, the multitude of monsters both literally and figuratively. . A new world is so terrible that even the gods came to die among people The novel ends with optimistic (?): The hero, the artist, escaping from Chambord, observes that the weather is getting better, and he was in the end still alive. But personally I have optimistic feelings towards the end of the novel does not remain at all. There was only about physical fatigue from the fact that the hero is experiencing. P.S I think that the book later re-read, it is very much important, that does not appear at the first reading.

Free Essays on JAY-z

AT millennium's end, the hottest rapper in pop music is Jay-Z. Since the release of his quadruple-platinum Vol. II †¦ Hard Knock Life, Jay-Z has had an incredible string of urban radio hits: "Can I Get a †¦," "Hard Knock Life," "Jigga What, Jigga Who," "Money, Cash" †¦ the list goes on and on. And unlike many of today's most popular rap artists, he built an extensive catalog of hits before making his mark on the charts and enjoys underground respectability as well as mainstream acceptance. Longtime rap fans may remember Jay-Z as an associate of the Jaz, who had a minor hit in 1988 with "Hawaiian Sophie." Before that, he was Shawn Carter, a young man from Brooklyn's Marcy Projects. Though Carter was a promising student, his wild behavior led him to a vocational high school in Brooklyn, where he met future stars Christopher Wallace (the Notorious B.I.G.) and Trevor Smith (Busta Rhymes). As a young MC, Jay-Z appeared on several underground mix tapes, and his work with the Jaz appeared promising. But with bills to pay, Jay-Z increasingly found himself mired in the criminal underworld, a life he had known since the age of 16. It wasn't until 1992 that he found the courage to leave the life of a drug dealer behind him. After his retirement from crime, Jay-Z began to look for a record deal as a solo artist, but only had a guest appearance on long-forgotten rap group Original Flavor's 1993 single "Can I Get Open" to show for his efforts. It wasn't until a friend, Roc-A-Fella CEO Damon Dash, convinced him to form a record company with him that Jay-Z's career finally got off the ground. Jay-Z released his first single through Roc-A-Fella in 1995, "In My Lifetime." It proved to be a hit in New York's fickle hip-hop scene, and helped Dash and Jay-Z secure a distribution deal for Jay-Z's debut, Reasonable Doubt. Though it wasn't a huge seller, Reasonable Doubt confirmed Jay-Z's status as one of the most promising lyricists ... Free Essays on JAY-z Free Essays on JAY-z AT millennium's end, the hottest rapper in pop music is Jay-Z. Since the release of his quadruple-platinum Vol. II †¦ Hard Knock Life, Jay-Z has had an incredible string of urban radio hits: "Can I Get a †¦," "Hard Knock Life," "Jigga What, Jigga Who," "Money, Cash" †¦ the list goes on and on. And unlike many of today's most popular rap artists, he built an extensive catalog of hits before making his mark on the charts and enjoys underground respectability as well as mainstream acceptance. Longtime rap fans may remember Jay-Z as an associate of the Jaz, who had a minor hit in 1988 with "Hawaiian Sophie." Before that, he was Shawn Carter, a young man from Brooklyn's Marcy Projects. Though Carter was a promising student, his wild behavior led him to a vocational high school in Brooklyn, where he met future stars Christopher Wallace (the Notorious B.I.G.) and Trevor Smith (Busta Rhymes). As a young MC, Jay-Z appeared on several underground mix tapes, and his work with the Jaz appeared promising. But with bills to pay, Jay-Z increasingly found himself mired in the criminal underworld, a life he had known since the age of 16. It wasn't until 1992 that he found the courage to leave the life of a drug dealer behind him. After his retirement from crime, Jay-Z began to look for a record deal as a solo artist, but only had a guest appearance on long-forgotten rap group Original Flavor's 1993 single "Can I Get Open" to show for his efforts. It wasn't until a friend, Roc-A-Fella CEO Damon Dash, convinced him to form a record company with him that Jay-Z's career finally got off the ground. Jay-Z released his first single through Roc-A-Fella in 1995, "In My Lifetime." It proved to be a hit in New York's fickle hip-hop scene, and helped Dash and Jay-Z secure a distribution deal for Jay-Z's debut, Reasonable Doubt. Though it wasn't a huge seller, Reasonable Doubt confirmed Jay-Z's status as one of the most promising lyricists ...

Internal and External Audit of General Motors Inc Essay

Internal and External Audit of General Motors Inc - Essay Example GM recorded revenues worth $192,604 million during the fiscal year ended December 2005. GM also owns equity partnerships in some regional subsidiaries and joint ventures like New United Motor Manufacturing (NUMMI), Suzuki Motor Corporation, Isuzu Motors, Shanghai GM, SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Company and CAMI Automotive. General Motors has been facing stiff competition from the likes of AB Volvo, Capital One Financial Corporation, DaimlerChrysler AG, Fiat S.p.A., Ford Motor Company etc. for quite some time now. Owing to increased competition and reduction in margins General Motors Europe announced, during 2004, that it'll be resorting to the reduction in its annual structural costs by about 500 million by 2006. The plan included a reduction in the workforce by about 12,000 over this period. Considering such a scenario, the company requires to determine the priorities it should accord to certain products, so that better profit margins and long-term value creation can be ensured. BCG Matrix i.e. Boston Consultancy Group matrix is a very useful tool for identifying the products which contains both high-growth products in need of cash inputs and certain low-growth products which generate lot of cash. It's a two-dimensional matrix, depicting market share and market growth. Leading market position: GM has consistentl... In US it is the league of the big three with Ford and DaimlerChrysler. GM also has a strong market position in the UK, Germany, Brazil, Australia and China. Robust revenue growth in Asia Pacific: The Asia-Pacific region has proved to be very encouraging and having immense potential for the company. Despite the challenges in the Asia-Pacific region, GM recorded strong revenue growth in this region with continued strong performance by Shanghai GM in China and Holden in Australia. For 2003, GM Asia Pacific (GMAP) earned $577 million, more than three times the net income of $188 million in 2002. Company is also aggressively expanding its operations in India, another big market in the region. Such a strength in this region helps the company to offset its losses in some other regions. Strong brand portfolio: GM has a strong brand portfolio. The company has on board global brand names like Saab, Chevrolet and Cadillac. Weaknesses North America and Europe Continue to be loosing grounds: General Motors's largest geographical market, North America, accounting for nearly 75% of the total revenues, continues to show decelerating momentum. GM North America (GMNA) could earn $1.2 billion, down from $3.1 billion in 2002. Company has partially attributed this slowdown in profitability owing to the higher pension and health-care costs in the U.S, but the cause of worry for GM is its dwindling market share in US, which came down to 28.0 percent compared with 28.3 percent in 2002. Similarly for 2003, GM Europe (GME) had a loss of $286 million, an improvement from the $549 million loss in 2002. Large post retirement liabilities and high debt: GM has large unfunded other post retirement benefit obligations and high debt. As of now for every

Circumcision Ritual as a Rite of Passage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Circumcision Ritual as a Rite of Passage - Essay Example The separation phase in East African circumcision ceremony occurs when young boys of about 12-15 years are picked by young adults from their homes and assembled in the bush (Prazak, 2004). In the bush, the foreskins of their penis are cut off to symbolize the elimination of childhood as one prepares to become an adult. Separation occurs because the boys go away from their home and spend some time in the bushes where they are circumcised and wait to be healed. The transition phase in this ritual is the time when the boys stay in the bushes as they wait to heal. Within this period, the boys are taught the morals, traditions, values and norms of their communities (Prazak 2004). They are taught to be responsible in the society and to understand the key values of the community. The boys are also treated in this phase with traditional herbs so that they can heal faster. Lastly, the boys sing, dance, and eat throughout this transition period. This phase is transitional period because the activities prepare the boys to move into new world of more responsibility as adults in the society.